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" Molecular mechanisms of microbial evolution "
/ edited by Pabulo H. Rampelotto.
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Central Library of the Kurdistan University
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| Material Type
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Latin Book
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| Record Number
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217397
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| Doc. No
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6192
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| Language of Document
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English
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| Title & Author
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Molecular mechanisms of microbial evolution\ / edited by Pabulo H. Rampelotto.
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| Edition Statement
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1st edition.
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| Publication Statement
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Cham, Switzerland: : Springer, , 2018.
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| Series Statement
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Grand challenges in biology and biotechnology.
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| Page. NO
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xiii, 448 pages.: : illustrations (chiefly color), tables.
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| ISBN
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9783319690773 (alk. paper)
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: 978-3-319-69078-0 (eBook)
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| Bibliographies/Indexes
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Includes bibliographical references and index.
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| Contents
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Intro; Foreword; Preface; Contents; About the Editor; Chapter 1: The Relevance and Challenges of Studying Microbial Evolution; 1 Introduction; 2 Why Understanding Microbial Evolution Is Important; 2.1 Major Events in Lifeś History Was, and Continuous to Be, Influenced by Microbes; 2.1.1 How the Earthś Atmosphere Got Oxygen; 2.1.2 Microbes May Have Caused Earthś Biggest Mass Extinction; 2.1.3 Microbes Control Critical Biogeochemical Processes; 2.1.4 Climate Change and Microbial Evolution; 2.2 Models to Understand General Principles of Evolution; 2.3 Animal Origins and Evolution 2.4 Microbes and Humans2.5 Pathogen Evolution; 2.6 Microbial Evolution Can Be Used to Solve Global Problems; 3 Challenges in the Study of Microbial Evolution; References; Chapter 2: Mayr Versus Woese: Akaryotes and Eukaryotes; 1 Introduction; 2 Unrooted Gene Trees; 3 Rooted rRNA and Protein Trees; 4 The Unholy Sanctity of Genotype; 5 More Than One Way to Skin a Genome; 5.1 The Dimensionality of Molecular Phenotypes; 6 Phylogenies of Protein Domains; 7 Preserving the Purity of the Lineage; 8 Novel Protein Discovery; 9 Akaryotes: Less Is More; 10 No Genome Is an Island; 11 Darwin Rules 4.2 The Pandora Box of New Archaeal and Bacterial Lineages4.3 The Conundrum of Fast-Evolving Species; 4.4 The Problem of Contamination in TOL Analyses; 4.5 Contradictory Signals in Protein Datasets; 4.6 TOLs Based on RNA Polymerase; 4.7 The Archaeal Root; 4.8 Where Are the Viruses in the TOL?; 5 Perspectives; 6 Conclusion; References; Chapter 4: Multiple Clocks in the Evolution of Living Organisms; 1 Introduction; 2 Prologue: Against Any Singular Origin in General Physical Processes; 2.1 No Eve, No Adam; 2.2 Multiple Origins of the First Cells; 3 The Master Functions of Life 4 Horizontal Gene Transfer5 Microbial Genomes Organisation; 6 The Making of a Progeny; 7 Evolution of Resting Cells Progeny; 8 Provisional Conclusion: No Universal Molecular Clock; References; Chapter 5: Natural Strategies of Spontaneous Genetic Variation: The Driving Force of Biological Evolution; References; Chapter 6: The Evolution of Gene Regulatory Mechanisms in Bacteria; 1 Introduction; 2 The Emergence and Evolution of RNA Polymerase; 2.1 Alternative Sigma Factors of RNA Polymerase; 3 Transcription and Its Regulation; 3.1 Promoter Architecture and Transcription Regulation.
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| Abstract
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One of the most profound paradigms that have transformed our understanding about life over the last decades was the acknowledgement that microorganisms play a central role in shaping the past and present environments on Earth and the nature of all life forms. Each organism is the product of its history and all extant life traces back to common ancestors, which were microorganisms. Nowadays, microorganisms represent the vast majority of biodiversity on Earth and have survived nearly 4 billion years of evolutionary change. Microbial evolution occurred and continues to take place in a great variety of environmental conditions. However, we still know little about the processes of evolution as applied to microorganisms and microbial populations. In addition, the molecular mechanisms by which microorganisms communicate/interact with each other and with multicellular organisms remains poorly understood. Such patterns of microbe-host interaction are essential to understand the evolution of microbial symbiosis and pathogenesis. Recent advances in DNA sequencing, high-throughput technologies, and genetic manipulation systems have enabled studies that directly characterize the molecular and genomic bases of evolution, producing data that are making us change our view of the microbial world. The notion that mutations in the coding regions of genomes are, in combination with selective forces, the main contributors to biodiversity needs to be re-examined as evidence accumulates, indicating that many non-coding regions that contain regulatory signals show a high rate of variation even among closely related organisms. Comparative analyses of an increasing number of closely related microbial genomes have yielded exciting insight into the sources of microbial genome variability with respect to gene content, gene order and evolution of genes with unknown functions. Furthermore, laboratory studies (i.e. experimental microbial evolution) are providing fundamental biological insight through direct observation of the evolution process. They not only enable testing evolutionary theory and principles, but also have applications to metabolic engineering and human health. Overall, these studies ranging from viruses to Bacteria to microbial Eukaryotes are illuminating the mechanisms of evolution at a resolution that Darwin, Delbruck and Dobzhansky could barely have imagined. Consequently, it is timely to review and highlight the progress so far as well as discuss what remains unknown and requires future research. This book explores the current state of knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of microbial evolution with a collection of papers written by authors who are leading experts in the field.
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| Subject
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Microorganisms -- Evolution.
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Molecular dynamics.
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| Subject
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Molecular genetics.
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| Subject
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Microbial genetics.
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| Added Entry
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Rampelotto, Pabulo H., Editor
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| publication status
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e
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| Keyword
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Microorganisms.Molecular dynamics.Molecular genetics.Microbial genetics.
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